To manage large datasets effectively, Power BI developers implement incremental data refreshes, reducing processing times. Aggregations and summary tables are created to minimize query complexity. Developers use DirectQuery for real-time data access and Import mode for static, high-performance reports. Dataflows standardize preprocessing, ensuring consistency and scalability. Unused columns and rows are removed, and calculated columns are replaced with measures for efficiency. Power BI developers also monitor dataset size using tools like DAX Studio and optimize queries by enabling query folding. These techniques ensure that even large datasets are processed efficiently, providing fast and reliable analytics.